Auto-generated from v5 Category List Template http://www.iiss.org/adelphi-papers.rss As the international security forces prepare to depart from Afghanistan, this Adelphi turns attention to the ability of a ravaged country to tackle its myriad security problems, overcome crippling poverty and corruption and somehow revive its devastated economy. The government faces daunting challenges, ranging from the threat of insurgency and cross-border terrorism to the difficulty of reintegrating and reconciling former Taliban figures and combatants into a political settlement. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2011/afghanistan-to-2015-and-beyond/ 60876 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT 20111215000000 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 15:33:39 GMT 20111205153339 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 13:38:18 GMT 201202041313818 Are our networked societies really vulnerable, as some have suggested, to a knock-out blow, perpetrated by state-sponsored hackers or terrorists? And what can be done to defend the state from this and from the encroachment of external networks that transcend its borders and breach its laws? This Adelphi tackles the range of issues raised by our dependence on digital networks. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2011/cyberspace-and-the-state/ 59902 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 17:24:52 GMT 20120206172452 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 11:45:18 GMT 20111104114518 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 17:24:51 GMT 201202061752451 Michael Quinlan's grasp of defence policy particularly that relating to Britains deterrence posture was second to none. His career in the British civil service spanned three decades, during which time he advised various governments, including those of James Callaghan and Margaret Thatcher. He was closely involved in the decision to procure Trident from the United States and, within NATO, in shaping the policies that led to the deployment of cruise and Pershing missiles. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2011/on-nuclear-deterrence-the-correspondence-of-sir-michael-quinlan/ 59238 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 11:23:12 GMT 20111103112312 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 11:31:31 GMT 20111013113131 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 11:23:12 GMT 2011110311112312 The Middle East is in the midst of considerable and unpredictable changes, but deeply patrimonial political systems do not change overnight and neither do the international and regional structures that have helped them to endure for so long. The informal rules that guide Yemeni society and its dysfunctional political settlement look set to endure, in spite of unprecedented protests. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2011/yemen-and-the-politics-of-permanent-crisis/ 56495 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 00:00:00 GMT 20110627000000 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 15:05:29 GMT 20110627150529 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 12:27:43 GMT 2011101312122743 Locked in antagonistic rivalry with neighbouring powers, North Korea has staked its future on the development of nuclear weapons, to the outrage of the international community. The Kim family's dominance of the DPRK since 1948 has confounded its critics and frustrated its allies in equal measure. Despite its dependence on economic aid from the former USSR and China, and later the USA, it pursues its nuclear ambitions at all costs. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2011/north-korea-nuclear-weapons-and-international-security/ 52683 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 00:00:00 GMT 20110314000000 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 13:46:40 GMT 20110314134640 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 10:57:23 GMT 2011092610105723 Emboldened by economic strength and growing military power, China is emerging as a challenger to US dominance in the Pacific. But its promised peaceful rise has done little to convince regional powers that it will not use force to press longstanding territorial claims or attempt sea-denial operations in Asia's lucrative trade routes. Uncertainty about Beijing's intentions could thus beget a new, unpredictable arms race as states scramble to protect their interests. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2010/trapped-giant-chinas-military-rise/ 50771 Mon, 20 Dec 2010 00:00:00 GMT 20101220000000 Tue, 04 Jan 2011 10:24:12 GMT 20110104102412 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 13:53:16 GMT 201202041315316 After two decades of stagnation, Russia and the United States have pledged their support for reductions in nuclear warheads. But the vision of mutual disarmament remains plagued by doubts on all sides. Russia, the US and American allies struggle as ever with the notion that downsizing would be a step into the unknown, and hold on to the belief that, when it comes to deterrence, size matters. Until now, the reasons behind this anxiety and whether it is justified have not been properly explored. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2011/deterrence-during-disarmament-deep-nuclear-reductions-and-international-security/ 55511 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 GMT 20110301000000 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 12:39:29 GMT 20110602123929 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 13:54:01 GMT 201202041315401 In the twenty-first century, the European Union is confronted by myriad security problems that demand concerted action and cooperation. As a negotiating power, it seeks to persuade Iran to forswear nuclear weapons programmes. As a crisis manager it seeks to contribute to global peace and stability through civilian and military operations. Closer to home, it is wrestling with questions about enlargement, migration and terrorist threats. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2010/europe-and-global-security/ 49465 Wed, 24 Nov 2010 00:00:00 GMT 20101124000000 Wed, 24 Nov 2010 10:41:11 GMT 20101124104111 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 13:51:59 GMT 201202041315159 The transition from war to peace is fraught with tension and the risk of a return to bloodshed. With so much at stake, it is crucial that the international community and local stakeholders make sense of the complex mosaic of challenges, to support a lasting, inclusive and prosperous peace. Recent missions, such as in Afghanistan, Somalia or Sudan, have highlighted the fact that there can be no one-size-fits-all approach to steering countries away from violence and towards stability. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2010/ending-wars-consolidating-peace-economic-perspectives/ 45862 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 10:58:08 GMT 20110926105808 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 15:25:30 GMT 20100825152530 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 10:58:08 GMT 2011092610105808 Economic sanctions are becoming increasingly central to shaping strategic outcomes in the twenty-first century. They afford great powers a means by which to seek to influence the behaviour of states, to demonstrate international leadership and to express common values for the benefit of the international community at large. Closer to home, they can also offer a middle way for governments that apply them, satisfying moderates and hardliners alike. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2010/sanctions-as-grand-strategy/ 40210 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 17:19:26 GMT 20110728171926 Thu, 06 May 2010 11:39:58 GMT 20100506113958 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 17:19:26 GMT 201107281751926 Rarely in the atomic age have hopes for genuine progress towards disarmament been raised as high as they are now. Governments, prompted by the renewed momentum of non-proliferation and disarmament initiatives, have put nuclear policy at the top of the international agenda. But how can countries move from warm words to meaningful action? By what means could the world be weaned from its addiction to nuclear weapons and who should undertake the task of supervising this process? http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2010/towards-nuclear-zero/ 39448 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 16:22:27 GMT 20100825162227 Mon, 26 Apr 2010 10:58:47 GMT 20100426105847 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 16:22:22 GMT 201008251642222 Climate change has been a key factor in the rise and fall of societies and states from prehistory to the recent fighting in the Sudanese state of Darfur. It drives instability, conflict and collapse, but also expansion and reorganisation. The ways cultures have met the climate challenge provide object lessons for how the modern world can handle the new security threats posed by unprecedented global warming. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphis-2010/climate-conflict/ 37847 Tue, 23 Mar 2010 11:46:00 GMT 20100323114600 Tue, 23 Mar 2010 11:45:39 GMT 20100323114539 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 13:06:11 GMT 201110131310611 As global economic and strategic weight shifts to Asia, countries in the region are considering how to protect themselves better in the uncertain strategic landscape of the twenty-first century. Alliances with the United States remain pivotal, but China is an ever more dominant presence. Faced with this, and with growing transnational threats such as terrorism, energy insecurity and infectious diseases, Asian governments are increasingly interested in multilateral security cooperation. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2009/building-asias-security/ 34269 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 17:25:13 GMT 20110728172513 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 15:56:04 GMT 20091217155604 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 17:25:13 GMT 201107281752513 Mats Berdal The widespread practice of intervention by outside actors aimed at building 'sustainable peace' within societies ravaged by war has been a striking feature of the post-Cold War era. But, at a time when more peacekeepers are deployed around the world than at any other point in history, is the international will to intervene beginning to wane? And how capable are the systems that exist for planning and deploying 'peacebuilding' missions of fulfilling the increasingly complex tasks set for them? http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2009/building-peace-after-war/ 31576 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:02:31 GMT 20120204140231 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 14:43:09 GMT 20091002144309 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:02:31 GMT 201202041420231 Can Pakistan find a way out of violent instability? How severe are the problems of this strategically crucial country, and how much of a threat do they pose beyond Pakistan's borders? Has Pakistan become an ungovernable failed state? Hilary Synnott draws on his experience of Pakistan to argue that any strategy for addressing the country's problems requires a nuanced understanding of its turbulent history, the failings of successive governments and the weaknesses of core institutions. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2009/transforming-pakistan-ways-out-of-instability/ 30013 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:01:33 GMT 20120204140133 Thu, 27 Aug 2009 14:43:54 GMT 20090827144354 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:01:33 GMT 201202041420133 China's relations with African nations have changed dramatically over the past decade. African oil now accounts for more than 30% of Chinas oil imports, and China is Africa's second-largest single-country trading partner, as well as a leading lender and infrastructure investor on the continent. Yet these developments are bringing challenges, not only for Africa and the West, but for China as well. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2009/chinas-african-challenges/ 26129 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:00:37 GMT 20120204140037 Tue, 28 Apr 2009 17:14:28 GMT 20090428171428 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:00:37 GMT 201202041420037 Is Japan on a path towards assuming a greater military role internationally, or has the recent military normalisation ground to a halt since the premiership of Junichiro Koizumi? In this book, Christopher W. Hughes assesses developments in defence expenditure, civil-military relations, domestic and international military-industrial complexes, Japans procurement of regional and global power-projection capabilities, the expansion of US-Japan cooperation, 'and attitudes towards nuclear weapons. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2009/japans-remilitarisation/ 26126 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 14:58:00 GMT 20090429145800 Tue, 28 Apr 2009 17:03:39 GMT 20090428170339 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 14:03:12 GMT 201202041420312 From 2003 to 2008, the Sunni Arab insurgency in Iraq posed a key challenge to political stability in the country and to Coalition objectives there. This paper explains the onset, composition and evolution of this insurgency. It begins by addressing both its immediate and deeper sociopolitical origins, and goes on to examine the multiple ideological strands within the insurgency and their often conflicting methods and goals. http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2009/iraqs-sunni-insurgency/ 23996 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 13:59:21 GMT 20120204135921 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 16:22:52 GMT 20090211162252 Sat, 04 Feb 2012 13:59:20 GMT 201202041315920 Speeches and Papers from the 50th Anniversary Year of the International Institute for Strategic Studies Edited by Tim Huxley and Alexander Nicoll Like most years in the 50-year history of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2008 saw events that could have significant consequences for international relations and global balances of power. These included the election of Barack Obama as US president; the brief war in Georgia, which caused the West to look at Russia with more watchful eye http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/perspectives-on-international-security/ 22699 Wed, 31 Dec 2008 00:01:00 GMT 20081231000100 Thu, 18 Dec 2008 13:03:41 GMT 20081218130341 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:07:34 GMT 2010030311110734 Jihadist Recruitment in Europe Peter R. Neumann In Britain alone, several thousand young Muslims are thought to be part of violent extremist networks. How did they become involved? What are the mechanisms and dynamics through which European Muslims join al-Qaeda and groups inspired by al-Qaeda? This paper explains the processes whereby European Muslims are recruited into the Islamist militant movement. It reveals that although overt recruitment has been driven underground, prisons and other places of vul http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/joining-al-qaeda/ 22691 Tue, 30 Dec 2008 00:01:00 GMT 20081230000100 Thu, 18 Dec 2008 12:11:51 GMT 20081218121151 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:00:50 GMT 200905131420050 Avoiding worst-case outcomes Mark Fitzpatrick This paper explains how Iran developed its nuclear programme to the point where it threatens to achieve a weapons capability within a short time frame, and analyses Western policy responses aimed at forestalling that capability. Key questions are addressed: will the world have to accept an Iranian uranium-enrichment programme, and does having a weapons capability mean having the Bomb? For nearly two decades, Western strategy on the Iran nuclear issue emphasis http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/the-iranian-nuclear-crisis/ 21859 Sun, 13 Sep 2009 16:35:03 GMT 20090913163503 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 11:38:19 GMT 20081201113819 Sun, 13 Sep 2009 16:35:00 GMT 200909131643500 Connecting ambition and reality Bastian Giegerich International demand for military crisis-management missions continues to grow and demand for troops continues to outstrip supply. Like other Western democracies, European Union member states, because of their wealth, relative military competence and commitment to human rights, bear a particular responsibility to expand the international communitys capacity for action. But while the EU has succeeded in defining a complex military-technical and political-s http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/european-military-crisis-management/ 20853 Fri, 24 Oct 2008 00:00:00 GMT 20081024000000 Fri, 24 Oct 2008 12:22:40 GMT 20081024122240 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 10:59:16 GMT 2010030310105916 George Perkovich and James M. Acton Nuclear disarmament is firmly back on the international agenda. But almost all current thinking on the subject is focused on the process of reducing the number of weapons from thousands to hundreds. This rigorous analysis examines the challenges that exist to abolishing nuclear weapons completely, and suggests what can be done now to start overcoming them. The paper argues that the difficulties of getting to zero must not preclude many steps being taken in that direc http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/abolishing-nuclear-weapons/ 18945 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:07:08 GMT 20090513140708 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 12:35:21 GMT 20080801123521 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:07:05 GMT 200905131420705 War and the United Nations Security Council since 1945 Adam Roberts and Dominik Zaum In contrast to the common perception that the United Nations is, or should become, a system of collective security, this paper advances the proposition that the UN Security Council embodies a necessarily selective approach. Analysis of its record since 1945 suggests that the Council cannot address all security threats effectively. The reasons for this include not only the veto power of the five permanent members, but also http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/selective-security/ 18269 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:10:28 GMT 20090513141028 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 09:57:35 GMT 20080707095735 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:10:25 GMT 200905131421025 Lessons for defeating al-Qaeda Audrey Kurth Cronin Like all other terrorist movements, al-Qaeda will end. While it has traits that exploit and reflect the current international context, it is not utterly without precedent: some aspects of al-Qaeda are unusual, but many are not. Terrorist groups end according to recognisable patterns that have persisted for centuries, and they reflect, among other factors, the counter-terrorist policies taken against them. It makes sense to formulate those policies with a sp http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-2008/ending-terrorism/ 15857 Sun, 13 Sep 2009 16:36:12 GMT 20090913163612 Wed, 23 Apr 2008 13:32:43 GMT 20080423133243 Sun, 13 Sep 2009 16:36:09 GMT 200909131643609 The Adelphi Papers monograph series is the Institutes principal contribution to policy-relevant, original academic research. Collected on the occasion of the Institutes 50th anniversary, the twelve Adelphi Papers in this volume represent some of the ?nest examples of writing on strategic issues. They offer insights into the changing security landscape of the past half-century and glimpses of some of the most signi?cant security events and trends of our times, from the Cold War nuclear arms race, through t http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/the-evolution-of-strategic-thought/ 15077 Wed, 13 May 2009 12:50:22 GMT 20090513125022 Mon, 07 Apr 2008 14:53:37 GMT 20080407145337 Wed, 13 May 2009 12:50:19 GMT 2009051312125019 The politics of confrontation  Ali M. Ansari    The election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to the presidency of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the summer of 2005 thrust Iran into the international limelight in a way that few would have predicted. Robust, confrontational and given to bombastic rhetoric, Ahmadinejad has drawn condemnation from the West and praise from the Middle Eastern street in almost equal measure. This paper looks at the details of his political rise and assesses his... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/iran-under-ahmadinejad/ 7002 Sun, 13 Sep 2009 16:40:25 GMT 20090913164025 Wed, 31 Dec 2008 00:00:00 GMT 20081231000000 Sun, 13 Sep 2009 16:40:21 GMT 200909131644021 Turkish and Indonesian experiences at the turn of the millennium Karabekir Akkoyunlu   There is no recipe for democratisation that can be readily applied to all countries. Every country presents unique factors that influence the fate of its democratic reforms, which must therefore be evaluated within their specific socio-political, cultural and historical context.   Building on this premise, this paper examines military reform and democratisation through the experiences of Turkey... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/military-reform-and-democratisation-turkish-/ 7001 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:11:52 GMT 20100303111152 Thu, 08 Nov 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20071108000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:11:47 GMT 2010030311111147 Cyrus Hodes and Mark Sedra   By the middle of 2007, Afghans had become increasingly disillusioned with a state-building process that had failed to deliver the peace dividend that they were promised. For many Afghans, the most noticeable change in their lives since the fall of the Taliban has been an acute deterioration in security conditions. Whether it is predatory warlords, the Taliban-led insurgency, the burgeoning narcotics trade or general criminality, the threats to the security... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/the-search-for-security-in-post-taliban-afghanistan/ 7000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:41:48 GMT 20090513144148 Tue, 30 Oct 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20071030000000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:41:45 GMT 200905131424145 Eugene B. Rumer   Russias resurgence as an assertive actor in the global diplomatic arena after a long period of introspection and preoccupation with domestic troubles, and the economic... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/russian-foreign-policy-beyond-putin/ 6998 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:22:57 GMT 20090513142257 Fri, 19 Oct 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20071019000000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:22:55 GMT 200905131422255 Possibilities and limits of transatlantic consensus   Dana H. Allin, Gilles Andréani, Philipe Errera and Gary Samore    The damage that has been done to the transatlantic alliance will not be repaired through grand architectural redesigns or radical new agendas. Instead, the transatlantic partners need to restore their consensus and cooperation on key security challenges with a limited agenda that reflects the essential conservatism of the transatlantic partnership during the Cold War... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/repairing-the-damage/ 6999 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:36:21 GMT 20090513143621 Fri, 24 Aug 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20070824000000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:36:18 GMT 200905131423618 The threat to international security   Martin N. Murphy   Do piracy and maritime terrorism, individually or together, present a threat to international security, and what relationship if any exists between them?   Piracy may be a marginal problem in itself, but the connections between organised piracy and wider criminal networks and corruption on land make it an element of a phenomenon that can have a weakening effect on states and a destabilising one on the regions in which it is... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/contemporary-piracy-and-maritime-terrorism/ 6997 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:30:01 GMT 20090513143001 Fri, 06 Jul 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20070706000000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:29:46 GMT 200905131422946 Regionalism and regional security in ChinaSoutheast Asian relations   Evelyn Goh   In Southeast Asia, Chinas growing economic and political strength has been accompanied by adept diplomacy and active promotion of regional cooperation, institutions and integration. Southeast Asian states and China engage in strategic regionalism: they seek regional membership for regime legitimation and collective bargaining; and regional integration to enhance economic development, regarded as... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/developing-the-mekong/ 6996 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:33:00 GMT 20090513143300 Wed, 02 May 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20070502000000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:32:57 GMT 200905131423257 Jeremy Stocker   In December 2003 the British government announced that within a few years it would need to take decisions about the future of Britain's strategic nuclear deterrent. Exactly three years later, its plans were revealed in a White Paper. The existing Trident system is to be given a life extension, which includes building new submarines to carry the missiles, costing £1520 billion. Britain has a substantial nuclear legacy, having owned nuclear weapons for over half a... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2007/the-uk-and-nuclear-deterre/ 6995 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:35:45 GMT 20090513143545 Mon, 26 Feb 2007 00:00:00 GMT 20070226000000 Wed, 13 May 2009 14:35:42 GMT 200905131423542 Coalition Operations in the Age of US Military Primacy   Paul T. Mitchell   Since its emergence in 1998, the concept of Network Centric Warfare (NCW) has become a central driver behind Americas military transformation and seems to offer the possibility of true integration between multinational military formations.  Even though NCW, or variations on its themes, has been adopted by many armed services, it is a concept in operational and doctrinal development. It is shaping not only how... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-385-network-centric-warfare/ 5154 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:23:08 GMT 20100303112308 Sun, 31 Dec 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20061231000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:23:03 GMT 2010030311112303 Sarah Percy   The under-regulation of the private security industry has increasingly become a topic of media and academic interest. This Adelphi Paper enters the debate by explaining why the industry requires further regulation, and what is wrong with the current system. It begins by briefly defining the industry and explaining the need for more effective regulation, before analysing three types of regulation: domestic, international and informal (including self-regulation).  The paper... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-384-regulating-the-private-security-industry/ 5155 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 17:51:40 GMT 20090114175140 Sun, 31 Dec 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20061231000000 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 17:51:40 GMT 200901141755140 The new triad and the evolution of nuclear strategy   David S. McDonough   In 2002 the Bush administration completed a Nuclear Posture Review that introduced a new triad based on offensive-strike systems, defences and a revitalised defence infrastructure. Designed for a new strategic threat environment, it is characterised not by a long-standing nuclear rivalry with another superpower, but by unstable relationships with rogue-state proliferators, alongside more ambiguous... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-383-nuclear-superiority/ 5156 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:57:57 GMT 20080926125757 Mon, 16 Oct 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20061016000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:57:57 GMT 2008092612125757 Robert L. Carlin and Joel S. Wit     While foreign policy and security concerns have trumped past efforts to reform the North Korean economy, Pyongyang is implementing important economic reforms despite renewed tensions with the United States. This is in response to a leadership debate between reformers and conservatives over whether Pyongyangs military industrial complex should be scaled back to help ensure the success of reforms that is fundamentally transforming the country.... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-382-north-korean-reform/ 5152 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:58:36 GMT 20080926125836 Thu, 29 Jun 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20060629000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:58:36 GMT 2008092612125836 Jürgen Haacke    Against the background of its problematic human-rights record and the military regimes continued extra-constitutional rule, Myanmar has faced mounting diplomatic pressure from the international community since the renewed detention of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2003. This Adelphi Paper examines Myanmars foreign policy, which is predicated on state-building and development, as well as defending the regimes decision to give priority to establishing an enduring... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-381-myanmars-foreign-policy/ 5150 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:59:16 GMT 20080926125916 Tue, 20 Jun 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20060620000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:59:16 GMT 2008092612125916 Wyn Q. Bowen   For over three decades, driven by the core motive of deterring external threats to its security, Libya sought to acquire nuclear weapons. Having attempted but failed to procure them off the shelf from several states during the 1970s, by late 2003 it had succeeded in assembling much of the technology required to manufacture them. Nevertheless, following secret negotiations with the UK and US governments, in December 2003 Colonel Muammar Gadhafi resolved to abandon the... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-380-libya-and-nuclear-proliferation/ 5149 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:59:57 GMT 20080926125957 Tue, 16 May 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20060516000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 12:59:57 GMT 2008092612125957 Lawrence Freedman   This paper examines the difficulty the US armed forces face in shifting their focus from preparing for regular wars, in which combat is separated from civil society, to irregular wars, in which combat is integrated with civil society.    It argues that the political context of contemporary irregular wars requires that the purpose and practice of Western forces be governed by liberal values. This is also the case with regular wars, to the extent that they occur, but... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/adelphi-papers-2006/ap-379-transformation-of-strategic-affairs/ 5151 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:27:40 GMT 20100303112740 Thu, 06 Apr 2006 00:00:00 GMT 20060406000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:27:36 GMT 2010030311112736 Robin M. Frost   The very mention of nuclear terrorism is enough to rouse strong reactions, and understandably so, because it combines the most terrifying weapons and the most threatening of people in a single phrase. The possibility that terrorists could obtain and use nuclear weapons deserves careful analysis, but discussion has all too often been contaminated with exaggeration, even hysteria. For example, it has been claimed that nuclear terrorism poses an existential threat to the... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-378-nuclear-terrorism-after-911/ 3992 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:29:40 GMT 20080926152940 Fri, 23 Dec 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20051223000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:29:40 GMT 200809261532940 Richard Weitz   Russia and the United States are the most important countries for many vital security issues. They possess the world's largest nuclear weapons arsenals, are involved in the principal regional conflicts, and have lead roles in opposing international terrorism and weapons proliferation. Despite persistent differences on many questions, mutual interests consistently drive Russians and Americans to work together to overcome these impediments.   This Adelphi Paper argues... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-377-revitalising-us-russian-security/ 3994 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:30:31 GMT 20080926153031 Mon, 05 Dec 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20051205000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:30:31 GMT 200809261533031 Mark J. Valencia   The Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), launched by US President Bush in May 2003, is intended to prevent traffic in elements of weapons of mass destruction (WMD).   Most WMD traffic moves by sea, and the focus of the PSI is on maritime interdictions and seizures. Although the PSI has had some significant successes, it has been criticised for lacking sufficient public accountability, stretching international law to the limits, undermining the UN system, potentially... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-376-the-proliferation-security-initiative/ 3993 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:31:10 GMT 20080926153110 Mon, 31 Oct 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20051031000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:31:10 GMT 200809261533110 Gil Loescher and James Milner   Protracted refugee populations not only constitute over 70% of the worlds refugees but are also a principal source of many of the irregular movements of people around the world today. The long-term presence of refugee populations in much of the developing world has come to be seen by many host states in these regions as a source of insecurity.   In response, host governments have enacted policies of containing refugees in isolated and insecure camps,... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-375-protracted-refugee-situations/ 3991 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:28:21 GMT 20100303112821 Mon, 18 Jul 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20050718000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:28:18 GMT 2010030311112818 Bill Park   Iraqs Kurds are insisting that a federal Iraq grant them high levels of selfgovernment, including control over their own militia and parliament, that the oil-rich Kirkuk area (over which they already exercise considerable informal control) should be formally incorporated into the Kurdish zone, and that the Arabisation policies of the former Baathist regime should be reversed. Indeed, they already enjoy considerable de facto control over the Kirkuk area. Ankara, for its... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-374-turkeys-policy-toward-northern-iraq/ 3989 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:32:45 GMT 20080926153245 Fri, 03 Jun 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20050603000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:32:45 GMT 200809261533245 Philippe Le Billon   A generous endowment of natural resources should favour rapid economic and social development. The experience of countries like Angola and Iraq, however, suggests that resource wealth often proves a curse rather than a blessing. Billions of dollars from resource exploitation benefit repressive regimes and rebel groups, at a massive cost for local populations. This Adelphi Paper analyses the economic and political vulnerability of resource-dependent countries; assesses... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-373-fuelling-war/ 3990 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:41:38 GMT 20100303114138 Thu, 05 May 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20050505000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:41:34 GMT 2010030311114134 Toby Dodge   It is hard to over-estimate what is at stake in Iraq today. The removal of Saddam Hussein has proved to be the beginning not the culmination of a long and very uncertain process of state building. This Adelphi Paper examines the process of state building now underway in Iraq from a military, political and sociological perspective.  Possible futures for Iraq are charted firstly by studying the evolution of the criminal and politically motivated violence that has come to... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-372-iraqs-future/ 3988 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:34:26 GMT 20080926153426 Thu, 28 Apr 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20050428000000 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 15:34:26 GMT 200809261533426 Alice Hills   Borders dominate the security agenda in South-east Europe. Political and ethnic discontents focus on disputed borders, while traffickers in migrants and drugs ignore them. The EU argues that the Balkan countries should develop models of border management using its policing standards, but the region is rife with corruption and its border guards are both under-resourced and ineffective.    This Paper asks how and why border management in South-east Europe is developing as it... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-371-border-security-in-the-balkans/ 3987 Tue, 23 Sep 2008 13:17:29 GMT 20080923131729 Mon, 31 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT 20050131000000 Tue, 23 Sep 2008 13:17:28 GMT 200809231311728 William Walker   How should the problem of order associated with weapons of mass destruction be understood and addressed today? Have the problem and its solution been misconceived and misrepresented, as manifested by the problematic aftermath of Iraq War? Has 9/11 rendered redundant past international ordering strategies, or are these still discarded at our own peril? These are the questions explored in this Adelphi Paper.   It opens by focusing attention on the linked problems of... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-370-wmd-and-international-order/ 4000 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:40:50 GMT 20080929144050 Wed, 15 Dec 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20041215000000 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:40:50 GMT 200809291424050 Christopher W. Hughes   Is Japan re-emerging as a normal, or even a great, military power in regional and global security affairs? This Adelphi Paper assesses the overall trajectory of... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-368-9-japans-re-emergence/ 3999 Thu, 21 May 2009 15:50:53 GMT 20090521155053 Thu, 02 Dec 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20041202000000 Thu, 21 May 2009 15:50:50 GMT 200905211535050 Jonathan Stevenson   The 9/11 attacks revealed that the transnational terrorist threat facing the US and its partners was far more dangerous than most had previously discerned. It was now clear that al-Qaeda intended to, and could threaten the Wests particularly the US political and military leverage, with the aim of shifting the balance of power from the West to Islam after a violent global confrontation. In that sense, the new terrorist threat is strategic, and it has led to a... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-367-counter-terrorism/ 3998 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:54:34 GMT 20080929145434 Fri, 05 Nov 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20041105000000 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:54:34 GMT 200809291425434 Volker Perthes   In the summer of 2000, Bashar al-Asad inherited the presidency of Syria from his father, the long-ruling Hafiz al-Asad. This Paper evaluates the capacity of the new leadership to meet growing societal, economic, political and foreign policy demands.   Halfway through Bashar al-Asads first term, Syria finds itself in a rapidly changing regional environment. The country is undergoing a process of economic change which, in the long run, may add up to a full... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-366-syria-under-bashar-al-asad/ 3997 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:55:47 GMT 20080929145547 Thu, 24 Jun 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20040624000000 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:55:47 GMT 200809291425547 Andrew Cottey and Anthony Forster   Over the last decade there have been major changes in patterns of international defence diplomacy. Defence diplomacy peacetime military cooperation and assistance has traditionally been used for realpolitik purposes of strengthening allies against common enemies. Since the early 1990s, however, the Western democracies have increasingly used defence diplomacy for a range of new purposes. These include strategic engagement with former or potential... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-365-reshaping-defence/ 3996 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:56:36 GMT 20100303115636 Wed, 05 May 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20040505000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:56:31 GMT 2010030311115631 Ken Menkhaus   Close analysis of how non-state actors adapt to state collapse is critical for effective peacebuilding, development, and counter-terrorism strategies in those crises. In Somalia, the nature of state collapse has changed significantly since 1995. Armed conflict is more localised; lawlessness is better contained by local authorities; and warlords have been weakened by an emerging commercial elite whose interests lie in stability, not plunder. Risk-aversion drives political... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-364somalia-state-collapse/ 4001 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:55:18 GMT 20100303115518 Tue, 20 Apr 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20040420000000 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 11:55:14 GMT 2010030311115514 Rosemary Foot     Since 11 September 2001, President George W. Bushs administration has argued that when governments respect both the rule of law and human rights they contribute to a world where terrorism cannot thrive.   For this reason, as well as its commitment to promote its own values, the US claims that it will not relax its efforts to advance human rights.   However, since 11 September the US has often apparently compromised its stance on human rights promotion abroad,... http://www.iiss.org/publications/adelphi-papers/adelphi-papers-archive/ap-363-human-rights-and-counter-terrorism/ 3995 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:58:16 GMT 20080929145816 Tue, 20 Jan 2004 00:00:00 GMT 20040120000000 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 14:58:16 GMT 200809291425816